Household expenditure on tobacco consumption in Monaragala district

Abstract

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The link between tobacco and poverty is well established. Monaragala is the poorest rural district in the southern parts of Sri Lanka and second poorest in the country. The Central Bank statistics state that 2.7% of household expenditure is spent on “liquor, drugs and tobacco”. This figure is much lower than the global estimates and findings in other countries. This study aimed to describe the expenditure on tobacco and its impact on food and education related expenditures at household level in Monaragala District. METHOD: A cross-sectional study design was used. A representative sample of 1160 households was recruited using a four-stage cluster sampling method. A simple random sampling method was used to select an individual aged between 15 to 59 years from the selected household. Data were obtained by a pre-tested, validated questionnaire was administered by trained interviewers. Recall method was used to obtain expenditure related data. RESULTS: Median monthly household income was LKR 20,000 (IQR=LKR 12,000-30,000). The median monthly expenditure on tobacco was LKR 1000 (IQR: 400-2000) with the highest spending tertile reporting a median of LKR 2700 (IQR 2000-3600). The proportionate expenditure from the monthly income ranged from 0.0% to 50% with a median of 5.0% (IQR=2.0-10.0). The poorest reported the highest mean proportionate expenditure (9.8%, SD=10) from the household income. Medium and high spenders spent significantly less on children’s education compared to others. CONCLUSION: The household expenditure on tobacco products in rural poor communities in Sri Lanka is probably greater than the current estimates.