Neurogastroenterology and motility disorders in pediatric population

Abstract

Motility of the gastrointestinal tract plays a critical role in the maintenance of its many physiological functions. These motility patterns, which vary along the gastrointestinal tract, are achieved by highly coordinated interactions between the neuromusculature of the gut (smooth muscle layers, enteric nervous system, interstitial cells of Cajal), central nervous system, autonomic nervous system, hormones, peptides and the microbiome. Other external factors such as diet, and age related changes in the gastrointestinal tract also, ultimately, affect gastrointestinal motility. A subtle change in any of the above factors could significantly impact on gastrointestinal function leading to pediatric gastrointestinal motility disorders. Here, we review common motility disorders in children and provide an indepth understanding of the pathophysiology and management of these problem. © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.