Abstract:
Background: The ideal nanoparticle should be able to encapsulate either pharmaceutical agents or imaging probes
so that it could treat or image clinical tumours by targeting the cancer site efficiently. Further, it would be an
added advantage if it demonstrates: small size, built in targeting, biocompatibility and biodegradability. Ferritin,
which is an endogenous self-assembling protein, stores iron and plays a role in iron homeostasis. When iron
atoms are removed apoferritin (AFt) is formed which consists of a hollow shell where it can be used to load guest
molecules. Due to its unique architecture, AFt has been investigated as a versatile carrier for tumour theranostic
applications. DNA-binding protein from starved cells (Dps), which also belongs to the ferritin family, is a protein
found only in prokaryotes. It is used to store iron and protect chromosomes from oxidative damage; because of its
architecture, Dps could also be used as a delivery vehicle.
Conclusions: Both these nano particles are promising in the field of oncology, especially due to their stability,
solubility and biocompatibility features. Further their exterior surface can be modified for better tumourtargeting
ability. More studies, are warranted to determine the immunogenicity, biodistribution, and clearance
from the body.
General perspective: This review discusses a few selected examples of the remarkable in vitro and in vivo studies
that have been carried out in the recent past with the use of AFt and Dps in targeting and delivery of various
pharmaceutical agents, natural products and imaging probes in the field of oncology.
