Abstract:
Purpose – This paper proposes the adoption of Industry 4.0 (I4) technologies and lean techniques for
improving operational performance in the healthcare sector.
Design/methodology/approach – The research adopted a systematic literature review and feedback of
healthcare professionals to identify the inefficiencies in the current healthcare system. A questionnaire was
used to get feedback from the patients and the hospital staff about the current practices and issues, and the
expected impact of technology on existing practices. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics,
correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis.
Findings – The results indicate that I4 technologies lead to the improvement of the operational performance,
and the perceptions about I4 technologies are made through the pre-medical diagnosis. However, a weak
correlation between lean practices and healthcare operational performance compared to that of I4 technologies
and operational performance indicate that lean practices are not fully implemented in the Sri Lankan healthcare
sector to their full potential.
Research limitations/implications – This study is limited to two government hospitals, with insights from
only the doctors and nurses in Sri Lanka. Furthermore, the study is limited to only selected aspects of I4
technologies (big data, cloud computing and IoT) and lean concepts (value stream mapping and 5S). Therefore,
recommendations on the adoption of I4 technologies in the healthcare sector need to be made within the scope of
the study investigation.
Practical implications – The implementation of I4 technologies needs careful consideration of process
improvement as part of the overall plan for achieving the maximum benefits of technology adoption.
Originality/value – The findings of the research can be used as a benchmark/guide for other hospitals to
explore the adoption of I4 technologies, and how process improvement from lean concepts could influence the
overall operational performance.
